The NIH has a policy supporting data sharing, which requires researchers applying for $500,000 or more in direct costs in any one year to include a data-sharing plan or state why data sharing is not possible. Further details are available on the NIH Data Sharing Policy and Implementation Guidance Webweb site.

Data Management Plans

The California Digital Library (CDL), along with other institutions, has launched an online data management planning tool to help guide researchers through the process of creating a plan. The tool helps researchers:

• Generate ready-to-use data management plans required by specific funding agencies
• Get step-by-step instructions and guidance on data management plans
• Find resources and services that can help meet funders’ data management plan requirements

The CDL also has a data management guidelines Web site to assist UC researchers with developing data management plans. It links to detailed information on creating, organizing, and managing. data.

UCLA librarians can help researchers with developing a data management plan or using the CDL tool; request a consultation via email (emaildata@library.ucla.edu).

Data Repositories

Researchers can share data by emailing it to requestors or posting it on a Web site, but this can make it difficult to find. Depositing data in an archive facilitates its discovery and preservation.

UC Repositories

• Merritt: repository service that enables UC users to manage, archive, and share digital content including data; can be used for long-term preservation, sharing, or meeting a grant’s data sharing and preservation requirements
• EScholarship: open-access publishing platform containing scholarship, including working papers, peer-reviewed journals, monographic series, paper/seminar series, postprints, and conference proceedings, generated by UC departments, centers, and research units
• EZID: a service for assigning a unique identifier to digital objects

Other Repositories
Princeton University has created a repository for policy-relevant data on U.S. arts and cultural policy. The California Digital Library has compiled a partial list of data repositories in various disciplines. More complete lists of data repositories are available from Purdue University’s Distributed Data Curation Center and Simmons University.

Privacy and Intellectual Property
When publishing data, researchers must consider their rights and responsibilities regarding confidentiality and intellectual property.

Confidentiality
It is vital to maintain the confidentiality of research subjects for ethical reasons and to ensure their continuing participation.

Comply with UC regulations:regulations: Consult the appropriate UC Requirements and Guidance for Conducting Research Involving Human or Animal Subjects.
Comply with all health research regulations: Federal legislation contains very strict guidelines; consult HIPPA Privacy Rule Information for Researchers.
Evaluate the data’s sensitivity: Consider whether the data contains direct or indirect identifiers that could be utilized with other public information to identify research participants.

Obtain informed consent:consent: Several sample agreements are available.
Restrict use of the data: Control access through embargoes or access/licensing terms and conditions.

Learn about professional guidelines:guidelines: The National Academy of Engineering offers an online ethics center that includes a discussion of ethical issues in data management.
Intellectual Property Considerations
Data cannot be copyrighted. However, a particular expression of data, such as a chart or table in a publication, can be copyrighted.
Data can be licensed; licensing conditions can be imposed to protect participants’ privacy or limit further uses.
To promote sharing and unlimited use of data, make it available under a Creative Commons CC0 Declaration.
Researchers may or may not have the right to share data collected from other sources, depending upon the sources’ license terms.
Most licensed databases the UC Libraries subscribe to prohibit redistribution of data outside of UC. For more information on terms of use for databases licensed by the Libraries, contact the subject specialist supporting your discipline.
If you are uncertain about your rights to disseminate data you collected, consult with the UCLA Office of Intellectual Property and Industry Sponsored Research or the UCLA Office of Campus Counsel.

Further Information and Assistance
UCLA librarians can provide assistance with developing data management plans; email data@library.ucla.edu or contact the subject specialist supporting your discipline. The following may also provide information about and assist with other aspects of managing data.

UCLA Resources

• Office of Contract and Grant Administration:Administration: Assists with applying for, receiving, and administering contracts and grants
  
• Academic Technology Services:Services: Provides academic IT services
  
• Information Technology Planning Board:Board: Primary governance and oversight body for UCLA’s IT strategies; see also “Building UCLA’s Digital Future”Future (Adobe PDF document)
  
• Social Science Data Archive:Archive: Faculty and graduate student survey research
  
• Institute for Digital Research and Education:Education: Cooperative of faculty and technologists
  

Non-UCLA Resources

• UC Curation Center
  
• Preparing Data Management Plans for NSF Grant Applications:Applications, UC Berkeley Science Libraries
  
• Data Management and Sharing FAQs:FAQs, National Science Foundation
  
• Data Management and Publishing:Publishing, MIT Libraries
  
• Scientific Data Consulting:Consulting, University of Virginia Library
  
• Guidelines for Effective Data Management Plans:Plans, University of Michigan Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
  
• Data Management Plans :, Data Conservancy
   Science Commons
  
• NSF Data Sharing Requirement:Requirement, Association of Research Libraries